Enzymatic hydrolysis as an approach to produce alternative protein from cephalopods ink powder: A short review

Abstract

Cephalopoda is a class of Mollusca that lives in marine environments, well-known as the most distinctive features of their ink especially squid and cuttlefish species. The various valuable constituents in their ink have been used over millennia for practical and commercial purposes. The current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 billion in 2050, and 11.2 billion in 2100. Thus, the amount of food, types of food in demand, and their relative contribution to diets will all change. We may face a reduction in protein sources worldwide. Humans need protein in their daily diet to maintain good health. To date, information on the benefits of squid and cuttlefish ink hydrolysates in Malaysia as an alternative protein is lacking. This study aims to review this gap and propose the potential of squid and cuttlefish ink hydrolysates as an alternative protein.