Application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Induced Polarization for Pre-Construction Site Assessment in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia

Abstract

This study investigates the application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Induced Polarization (IP) methods for subsurface characterization at a proposed construction site in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. The research aims to determine the subsurface resistivity distribution and identify geological features critical for construction planning. By employing ERT and IP techniques along 2 profiles, L1 and L2 at the site, the study evaluates variations in soil and rock characteristics and potential instability zones. The results indicate that areas with high resistivity (11 to 93 Ωm), corresponding to fractured limestone, exhibit greater stability, while regions with low resistivity (20-69 Ωm) and higher chargeability (5-10 msec) are clay-rich and pose potential risks. Borehole data were integrated to validate geophysical findings, revealing an absence of solid bedrock, necessitating careful foundation design to ensure structural stability. The combined use of ERT and IP using machine learning (twostep clustering) analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of subsurface conditions, supporting informed decision-making for construction projects and mitigating risks associated with subsurface uncertainties.