Clinical outcome in prostate cancer patients undergoing high-dose-rate brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy in our institute

Abstract

(Objectives) We investigate the biochemical control rates and adverse events for local and locally advanced prostate cancer patients undergoing high-dose-rate brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT + HDR-BT) in our institute. (Patients and methods) From May 2004 through March 2010, 154 patients with local and locally advanced prostate cancer underwent EBRT + HDR-BT. One hundred thirteen patients with more than 6 months follow-up were evaluated. A median follow-up was 33 months. The patients consisted of 12 low-, 65 intermediate-and 36 high-risk patients. No patients received adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy with EBRT + HDR-BT. Biochemical freedom from failure (bFFF) was determined using the Phoenix definition. (Results) The 5-year bFFF rate was 100%, 94.7%, and 59.2% for low-, intermediate-and high-risk patients. The 58-month bFFF rate of high-risk patients with one ominous factor was significantly lower than that of high-risk patients with more than ominous two factors (87.4% vs 26.9%, p = 0.022). With respect to acute adverse events, transurethral electric coagulation was performed for vesical bleeding and tamponade after removal of applicator needles in only one patient. Regarding late adverse events 14.2% of patients had grade 3 genitourinary toxicity, mostly consisted of urethral stricture and 0.9% of patients had grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity. (Conclusions) EBRT + HDR-BT without adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy yields excellent bFFF in low-and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients. However, to challenge higher bFFF rate in a part of high-risk patients and lower rate of adverse events, modified designing protocols and therapeutic plannning of EBRT + HDR-BT may be necessary. © 2011 Japanese Urological Association.