Trends, outcomes, and management of acute myocardial infarction in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Abstract

Objectives: There is a paucity of data on the management and outcomes of chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) patients [including chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC)] presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: We utilized the National Inpatient Sample database (2001–2019) and studied the management and outcomes of CVH patients with AMI and stratified them by subtypes of CVH. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of adverse outcomes in CVH groups were compared to no-CVH groups using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of 18,794,686 AMI admissions, 84,147 (0.45%) had a CVH diagnosis. CVH patients had increased odds of adverse outcomes including in-hospital mortality (aOR 1.40, 95%CI 1.31–1.49, p < 0.05), respiratory failure (1.11, 95%CI 1.04–1.17, p < 0.001), vascular complications (1.09, 95%CI 1.04–1.15, p < 0.001), acute kidney injury (1.36, 95%CI 1.30–1.42, p < 0.001), gastrointestinal bleeding (1.57, 95%CI 1.50–1.68, p < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (1.44, 95%CI 1.04–1.30, p < 0.001), sepsis (1.24, 95%CI 1.17–1.31, p < 0.001), and were less likely to undergo invasive management. On subgroup analysis, CHB had higher odds of adverse outcomes than the CHC group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CVH patients presenting with AMI are associated with worse clinical outcomes. CHB subgroup had worse outcomes compared to the CHC subgroup.