Study of the Adsorption Kinetics of Rhodamine B onto C-2-Hydroxyphenylcalix[4]Resorcinarene

Abstract

The textile industry produces liquid waste that contains dyes. Rhodamine b is a dye that is often used in the textile industry. Waste containing dyes must go through processing before being discharged into the water because it can cause quite dangerous impacts. The method that is considered quite effective in treating dyestuff waste is the adsorption method. In the present study, the adsorbent used is the C-2-hydroxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene is a derivative of calixarenes synthesized from resorcinol and 2-hidroxybenzaldehide. The yield of product was 84.7% and its ability to adsorb rhodamine B dye. This present study investigated the removal of Rhodamine B by the compound. The adsorption research was accomplished with the batch experiments. The effect of pH, time of contact and concentration of dye were investigation. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR spectrophotometry, 'H-NMR spectrometry, and BET analysis. In addition, from the BET analysis, it was found that the surface area of compound was 14.102 m2/g, the total pore volume was 8.733 x 10"2 cm3/g, and the average pore radius size was 123.852 A. The Rhodamine B adsorption has optimum conditions at pH 4, contact of time 180 minutes, and follows Pseudo second-order adsorption kinetics. Rhodamine B adsorption isotherm follows the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with a Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 19.26 mg/g and an adsorption energy (E) of 20.57 kJ/mol.