Frequency/prevalence analysis of risk factors on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Abstract

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a catastrophic clinical event in which 2/3 of spontaneous SAH are characterized by rupture and bleeding of cerebral aneurysm. Methods: After institutional approval and informed consent, this prospective observational study took place from April 2008 to November {Figure presented} 2009, involved all adult patients with spontaneous SAH admitted to the ICU, evaluating the frequency/prevalence of some factors such as: gender, age, skin color, arterial hypertension (AH), smoking habit, diabetes mellitus (DM), alcoholism, dyslipidemia, sedentary and use of oral contraceptive method. Results: We observed a total of 128 patients, average age of 55.3 years, and obtained as the main results of frequency with respective confidence intervals (CI): gender, female 73.4% (n = 94) (CI 64.9 to 80.9), male 26.6% (n = 34) (CI 19.1 to 35.1); skin color, white 46.2% (n = 54) (CI 36.9 to 55.6), black 24.8% (n = 29) (CI 17.3 to 33.6), brown 29.1% (n = 34) (CI 21.0 to 38.2); AH, yes 72.7% (n = 93) (CI 64.1 to 80.5), no 27.3% (n = 35) (CI 19.8 to 35.9); smoking habit, yes 44.5% (n = 57) (CI 35.7 to 53.6), no 55.5% (n = 71) (CI 46.4 to 64.3); diabetes mellitus, yes 14.8% (n = 19) (CI 9.2 to 22.2), no 85.2% (n = 109) (CI 77.8 to 90.8); alcoholism, yes 12.6% (n = 16) (CI 7.4 to 19.7), no 87.4% (n = 112) (CI 87.4 to 92.6); dyslipidemia, yes 10.9% (n = 14) (CI 6.1 to 17.7), no 89.1% (n = 114) (CI 82.3 to 93.9); sedentary, yes 25.8% (n = 33) (CI 18.5 to 34.3), no 74.2% (n = 95) (CI 65.6 to 81.5); obesity, yes 11.7% (n = 15) (CI 6.7 to 18.6), no 88.3% (n = 113) (CI 81.4 to 93.3); oral contraceptive method (analysis obtained only for female gender population), yes 5.3% (n = 5) (CI 1.7 to 12.0), no 94.7% (n = 89) (CI 88.0 to 98.3). See Figure 1. Conclusions: We can show that among all RF, female gender, AH and smoking habit had greatest prevalence index; the factor skin color had a wide distribution from its variants; other RF as DM, alcoholism, dyslipidemia, sedentary, and use of oral contraceptives had not obtained significant prevalence on patients with aneurysmal SAH.