Rabi resonance in Cs atoms and its application to microwave magnetic field measurement

Abstract

Wehave recently presented a technique for measuring unknown microwave (MW) fields based on Rabi resonances induced by the interaction of atoms with a phase-modulatedMWfield. The singlepeak feature of the measurement model makes the technique a valuable tool for simple and fast field measurement. Here we demonstrated a detailed investigation of Rabi resonance of Cs atoms inside a vapour cell. For illustration, we used the Rabi resonance-based field detection technique to determine the field strength inside an X-band cavity for applied power in the range of−21 to 20 dBm. The difference between the practical measurement and the simulation was approximately about3%for an applied power of 20 dBm, and a higher accuracy could be expected for a larger power input.