Cholecystitis Complication : Gallbladder Empyema and Hydrops

Abstract

Acute cholecystitis, or acute inflammation of the gallbladder, is commonly caused by gallstone obstruction. The two major complications that can arise are empyema and hydrops of the gallbladder. Gallbladder empyema is defined as the accumulation of pus in the gallbladder, resulting from prolonged bacterial infection. On the other hand, hydrops of the gallbladder is a condition where serous fluid accumulates in the gallbladder, typically due to chronic obstruction. This article provides an overview of both conditions, including their etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Emphasis is placed on the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management to minimize morbidity and mortality. The prognosis for hydrops and gallbladder empyema is influenced by factors such as age and underlying health conditions.