Otolaryngology Manifestations of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Multicenter Study

Abstract

Objective: This project aims to prospectively and objectively assess otolaryngological manifestations and quality of life of children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and compare these findings with healthy pediatric controls. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Two high-volume pediatric PCD specialty centers. Methods: Standardized clinical assessment; Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22); Hearing Environment and Reflection Quality of Life (HEAR-QL); Reflux Symptom Index (RSI); standardized physical examination of the sinonasal, laryngeal, and otological systems; and investigations including pure-tone audiograms (PTAs) and sinonasal cultures were collected. Results: Forty-seven children with PCD and 25 control participants were recruited. Children with PCD had more upper airway symptoms than healthy children. They had significantly higher scores in both SNOT-22 and RSI, indicating worse sinonasal and reflux symptoms, with worse quality of life on the HEAR-QL index compared to healthy children (P