Choiromyces meandriformis and Mattirolomyces terfezioides: peculiar truffles with new perspectives

Abstract

Science and market consider fungi called truffles belonging mainly to the Tuber genus; however, there are some symbiotic subterranean mushrooms which also have significant gastronomic value such as Choiromyces meandriformis and Mattirolomyces terfezioides. Previous studies of phytoindication on Mattirolomyces terfezioides revealed some submediterranean climate effect, semi-humid and intermediate moisture conditions and indicated slightly basic soils, disturbed, secondary and artificial Robinietum cultum habitats. Majority of habitats belongs to Bromo sterilis-Robinietum associations. Soil parameters of the habitats can be described as slightly alcalic or neutral with high humus, various phosphorous and medium or high potassium content. Lime can be detected in traces in all samples. Choiromyces meandriformis habitats can be characterized by acidic, mostly lime free, humus rich, heavy soils covered with hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and spruce (Picea abies). It was mainly reported from mesophilic broadleaved forests (Syntaxonomic class: Querco-Fagetea), its derivatives with Picea abies and from different coniferous woods and plantations. Phytoindication reflects plants of semihumid-moderately wet habitats, mesotrophic plants which are mainly indifferent to soil pH and with medium light demand. These ecological results can contribute to the cultivation technology of the abovementioned species as gastronomic utilization of these new fungi recently came into prominence.