Strength evaluation of sustainable concrete with partial replacement of cement by combination of banana leaf powder and cattle bone powder

Abstract

In addition to cost, depletion of lime stone deposits, high energy usage and emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) are disadvantages associated with cement production. Day to day increase in cement demand leads to increase in cement production and there by increases carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which significantly increases global warming. An attempt is made to reduce CO2 emission by reducing the cement consumption in construction industry there by creating an environmental friendly sustainable green concrete for modern construction world. Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) can replace some quantity of cement in making concrete and mortar, thereby reduces the cement consumption by construction industry. Already ash form of cementitious materials derived from groundnut shell, bamboo leaves, rice husk, periwinkle shell are used as SCM’s to reduce the cement content with increase in strength parameters. But, when SCM’s are used in ash form, loss of energy and emission of CO2 creates negative impact. An alternate method of using waste materials as SCM in powder form increases the strength parameters of concrete. Combination of waste Banana Leaf Powder (BLP) and Cattle Bone Powder (CBP), when used as SCM increases the strength of concrete and mortar. Banana leaf Powder serves as an alternate binding material whereas Cattle Bone Powder, rich in calcium content improves the binding property of cementitious substances with aggregates thereby improves the bond strength between cement phase and aggregate phase.