Observation of exchange bias in nanoscale AuFe alloy film

Abstract

We report on observation of the exchange bias effect in AuFe co-sputtered alloy films in the as-deposited state and following swift heavy ion irradiation. The Mössbauer spectrum for the as-deposited film shows a broad paramagnetic doublet together with a small contribution from hyperfine magnetic sextets. The magnetization behavior exhibits a spontaneous exchange bias effect at room temperature without application of an external triggering field. The magnitude of exchange bias in the as-deposited sample increases with decreasing temperature, at first gradually down to about 50 K and then more rapidly down to 5 K. Irradiation of AuFe film with 100 MeV Au9+ ions transforms the Mössbauer spectrum into a broad magnetic sextet, with asymmetric broadening characteristic of the formation of α-Fe magnetic nanoclusters surrounded by shells of reduced Fe concentration. At room temperature the exchange bias field is in the same sense as that for the as-deposited sample, but decreases with temperature until it reverse its sign at below about 50 K. In both the as-deposited and irradiated samples a well-defined uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, consequent on a stress induced texturing of the Fe precipitate distribution, is observed.