Features and algorithm of surgical behavior in osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Abstract

The aim of the current study is to present the possibilities for minimally invasive percutaneous procedures for surgical treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures of the vertebrae (OVCF), expressed in vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty. We compare their therapeutic effect with that of conservative treatment and present conclusions from the world literature regarding the safety of these procedures. Material and methods: We used data from our surgical experience for the last 10 years. We took into account the relevant literature from the global PubMed database and Google Scholar to present randomized clinical trials and meta-analyzes comparing OVCF treatment methods. We analyzed those who assessed the quality of life, pain, and complications of treatment. Results: The world experience shows an excellent result in the short term from the minimally invasive percutaneous procedures. In the long term some authors note a significant overlap of the results with the conservative methods. All studies show a low risk profile in the surgical treatment, as well as comparable results between the two main procedures-vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty. Conclusion: Both vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty have a statistically significant advantage in terms of final clinical indicators compared to conservative treatment at low and clinically justified risks. No statistically significant differences were found between the surgical techniques on most of the studied criteria, which would justify the significantly higher cost of kyphoplasty.