AI Diffusion as Design Vocabulary: Investigating the use of AI image generation in early architectural design and education

Abstract

This paper investigates the potential of Text-to-Image AI in assisting the ideation phase in architectural design and education. The study proposes a structured workflow and tests it with first-year architecture students. It aims to create a comprehensive design vocabulary by using AI-generated images as primary design references and incorporating them into a modelling workflow. The paper implements a process combining specific vocabulary extraction, image generation, 2D to 3D translation, and spatial composition within a six weeklong design course. The findings suggest that such a process can enhance the ideation phase by generating new and diverse design inspirations, improve spatial understanding through the exploration of various design elements, and provide students with a targeted visual vocabulary that helps define design intention and streamlines the modelling process.