Urinary incontinence in men

Abstract

Urinary incontinence (UI) is an involuntary leakage of urine, and various types of male UI differ in their etiologies, clinical manifestations, and treatments. While working with patients, pharmacists should be aware that men may be reluctant to bring incontinence to the attention of their clinician. The work-up of transient UI typically involves identifying possible reversible causes and often implicates drug classes that impair urine flow, bladder contractions, or cognition. Adjunctive and nonpharmacologic care may be used initially, but more severe symptoms require medications and/or surgery, depending on the patient's preference and predominating symptomology.