TAJDĪD MAFHŪM AL-MĀ AL-MUTLAQ FĪ AL-SIYĀQ AL-MU’ĀSIR (DIRĀSAH MUQĀRANAH BAYN FUQĀHA AL-MADHĀHIB WA AL-MU’ĀSIR)

Abstract

The development of science and technology at the present time in the treatment of water has affected the understanding of the meaning of water and the provisions of its use in jurisprudence, which led to a change in the meaning of absolute, pure and purified water. If the mazhab scholars discuss the status of water that consists of absolute water, used water, mixed water and impure water without any expansion of the return of the water status to the absolute state through unnatural processes, then contemporary scholars seek to expand the status of water to become absolute, pure and purified by an unnatural process. This research is intended to analyze the absolute water according to the understanding of the mazhab and the contemporary scholars; how does istihālah affect the purification of water and make it absolute again, and how contemporary scholars try to renew the concept of absolute water in the contemporary context. This research uses the library studies method with a comparison between the mazhab and the contemporary scholars in understanding absolute water, and uses an analytical framework based on the theory of Istihālah in the process of recycling or distilling water. The results of the study indicate that there are efforts to renew and expand the form of absolute water by contemporary scholars through the process of istihālah, so that the water that was used, or impure water, sewage or waste, becomes absolutely pure and purified water again, if it goes through a hydrological process. The renewal and expansion of the meaning of the absolute is a creative effort and a kind of contemporary jurisprudence that goes in line with the spirit that jurisprudential rulings are constantly evolving within the framework of accommodating the development of science and technology.