Advanced Formulation Strategies For Enhancing Solubility And Permeability Of Ritonavir: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

This review comprehensively examines advanced formulation strategies aimed at enhancing the solubility and permeability of ritonavir, an essential antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Ritonavir's therapeutic efficacy is hindered by its poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability, necessitating innovative approaches to improve its dissolution properties and gastrointestinal absorption. Through an exploration of various techniques, including solid dispersions, nanosuspensions, complexation, lipid-based formulations, micronization, and salt formation, this review highlights the diverse methodologies employed to address these challenges. Each technique is scrutinized for its efficacy in enhancing ritonavir's solubility and permeability, along with considerations regarding feasibility, scalability, and regulatory approval. Furthermore, the review discusses the potential impact of these formulation strategies on the clinical efficacy and patient outcomes of ritonavir therapy, emphasizing the importance of continued research and development in this crucial area of pharmaceutical science