PEMBUATAN KARTON SKALA INDUSTRI KECIL DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH PEMBALAKAN DAN SLUDGE INDUSTRI KERTAS

Abstract

Small-scale paperboard industries that use the mixed raw-material of paper-mill sludge and waste paper currently encounter difficulties obtaining the latter item. In other side, wood wastes generated from the logging of industrial plantation forest are potentially abundant and so far not yet utilized effectively. As the relevance, a trial has been carried out on paperboard manufacture using the mixture of pulp from industrial plantation forest's wood-logging waste and paper-mill sludge at two various proportions, i.e. 25%:75% and 100%:0%. The processing of those wastes into pulp was conducted in a semi-pilot scale cooking digester using the semi-chemical soda pulping conditions, i.e. alkali (NaOH) concentration at 14% and 16%, ratio of wastes to cooking liquor 1:5.5, maximum temperature at 120 C kept for 3 hours under 1.2-1.5 atmospheric pressures. The resulting pulp at 14% was judged more appropriate as the sludge mixture based on the yield, alkali consumption and Kappa number. The paperboard-sheet forming from the mixture was carried out at a small-scale community-owned paperboard industry, incorporating the use of additives, i.e. 5% clay filler, 2% alum retention-agent, 4% tapioca binder, 2% rosin soap. Yield, physical/strength properties and water absorption of paperboard from the mixture of industrial plantation forest's wood-logging waste pulp (25%) and paper-mill sludge (75%) were worse than those from 100% logging waste pulp, but still better than those produced by small-scale community-industry that uses the mixture of waste paper (50%) and sludge (50%), without additives; and could mostly satisfy the requirement for commercial paperboard. This suggests the prospective use of pulp from plantation forest's wood-logging wastes as substitute material mixed with sludge (at 25%:75% proportion), in place of the waste paper the small-scale industry currently uses for the sludge mixture. Keywords : Wood-logging wastes, industrial plantation forest, waste paper, paper-mill sludge, paperboard sludge sludge o ABSTRAK Industri karton skala kecil yang dewasa ini menggunakan bahan baku campuran lumpur padat () dan kertas bekas mengalami kesulitan mendapatkan kertas bekas tersebut. Di lain hal, limbah pembalakan hutan tanaman industri berlimbah potensinya sehingga disarankan penggunaannya sebagai pengganti kertas bekas untuk campuran tersebut. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, telah dilakukan percobaan pembuatan karton skala industri kecil menggunakan campuran pulp limbah pembalakan tersebut dan sludge industri kertas pada 2 proporsi yaitu 25% : 75% dan 100% : 0%.