Educação em asma: Principais técnicas adotadas em programas de intervenção

Abstract

Aims: Asthma education is one of the outcomes that should be applied to self-management, in order to increase adherence to treatment, thus increasing the control of the disease. The objective of this review was to identify the main interventional studies for asthma education. Methods: A review was performed to identify the major studies that have applied measures pre and post intervention for asthma education. We applied the logic of searching the databases: PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane. Articles were included after complete description of the applicability of the measures, their answers and conclusions for the outcome in asthma education programs for children and adolescents. Results: Twelve studies were included in the review. Among the interventions found, four were considered the most advisable for presenting satisfactory results in an enhanced understanding of the various aspects of asthma. Conclusions: Asthma education is essential both for the compliance with home care as for effective self-control of the disease. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that in order to achieve the goals of the best possible quality of life and self-control of the disease, the educational process should be individualized, continuous, progressive, dynamic and sequential. The program of asthma control needs to be not only timely, but also regular, to have a greater impact on health indicators and quality of life.