EVOLUTION OF THE GENDER DIGITAL GAP IN PERU: HAS IT IMPROVED IN THE LAST DECADE?

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the evolution of the gender digital gap in Peru from 2012 to 2022, identifying disparities based on area of residence, age, educational attainment, occupational status, and ethnic condition. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, and non-experimental study was conducted using secondary data from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) compiled by the Peruvian National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI). Internet usage indicators were disaggregated by gender and analyzed across key sociodemographic variables. Results: Although Internet usage among women has increased consistently over the decade, notable gender gaps persist in specific segments. The widest disparities were found in rural areas (9.7 percentage points) and among Indigenous populations (12.2 percentage points). In contrast, parity or near-parity was observed among salaried workers and individuals with higher education. Conclusions: The digital gender divide in Peru is decreasing in general terms but remains deeply stratified along lines of geography, ethnicity, education, and occupational status. Closing these gaps requires targeted public policies that prioritize vulnerable groups, particularly Indigenous women and rural residents, ensuring equitable access to digital resources and opportunities.