Exploring Serum Zinc and Copper Levels as Potential Biomarkers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study From Northeast India

Abstract

Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, and elevated androgen levels. The potential association between trace elements, specifically copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), and PCOS has been explored, but a definitive relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the levels of these trace elements in women with PCOS and their potential implications. Methods The study, conducted at Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, involved 60 individuals with PCOS and a matched control group. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants provided written informed consent. The study spanned from July 2021 to June 2022, utilizing a hospital-based case-control study design. Diagnostic criteria adhered to the Rotterdam criteria, and serum copper and zinc levels were quantified using a double-beam UV spectrophotometer. Results In the PCOS group, the mean age was 23.01 +/- 3.60 years, while the control group had a mean age of 23.34 +/- 3.59 years, with no significant age difference. Mean copper levels were 147.32 +/- 16.53 mcg/dl in PCOS and 106.88 +/- 15.60 mcg/dl in controls, indicating a significant increase in PCOS (p < 0.0001). Mean zinc levels were 93.99 +/- 6.76 mcg/dl in PCOS and 85.42 +/- 12.69 mcg/dl in controls, also significantly higher in PCOS (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The study highlights significant differences in serum copper and zinc levels between women with PCOS and healthy controls, suggesting potential implications for the syndrome's pathophysiology. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise roles of these trace elements in PCOS and explore therapeutic interventions. Copyright © 2024, Das et al.