Revisión: ¿Puede el cambio climático afectar la producción de quinoa (Chenoponium quinoa willd.) en el Altiplano chileno?

Abstract

The objective of this review is to inform about the main advances in research on the effects of climate change in South America, how those studies are addressed and how those results can affect quinoa crop. The main effects can be observed in the Amazon basin where, between 2020 and 2080, a decrease in rainfall of 9 to 19% would be observed, affecting crops such as maize, reducing its yield by 25%. In the altiplano there will be a change in the annual cycle of precipitation, reducing early precipitation (October-December) and increasing summer precipitation (January-March). In the case of temperatures also an increase of 3 to 6 ° C is foreseen which has a direct relation with the altitude above 3.500 masl since in low zones this increase is not shown. Yields in quinoa cultivation may be affected by the decrease in early precipitation, but positive effects could be seen due to warmer temperatures, frost reduction and increased carbon assimilation.