Regression Analysis to Estimate the Factor VIII Activity of Patients with Hemophilia A Without Inhibitor who Received Emicizumab Therapy

Abstract

Background: Emicizumab, a bispecific monoclonal antibody for hemophilia A (HA), has strong pharmacodynamic effects in several coagulation assays resulting in dosing difficulties with Factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates during bleeding emergencies. Materials and Methods: Single and multiple regression models were studied to estimate FVIII activity using 27 archived plasma samples from three patients with HA without inhibitor under emicizumab treatment. Explanatory variables were FVIII chromogenic assay (CSA), Ad|min1|, Ad|min2|, the number of seconds of APTT, and the FVIII one-stage assay (OSA), which were measured without idiotype antibodies. The response variable was FVIII OSA measured with idiotype antibodies. Results: In the simple linear model, the FVIII CSA regression coefficient was 1.04 and the intercept was −14.55 (r2 = 0.95; p < 0.001). In the multiple regression model, FVIII OSA and FVIII CSA were selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion, with regression coefficients of 1.74 and 1.15, respectively, and an intercept of −92.03 (r2 = 0.96, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The regression models can estimate the FVIII:C levels in patients with HA receiving emicizumab and would be useful in a bleeding emergency and/or surgery.