A wavelet-CNN feature fusion approach for detecting COVID-19 from chest radiographs

Abstract

Despite the combined effort, the COVID-19 pandemic continues with a devastating effect on the healthcare system and the well-being of the world population. With a lack of RT-PCR testing facilities, one of the screening approaches has been the use of is chest radiography. In this paper, we propose an automatic chest x-ray image classification model that utilizes the pre-trained CNN architecture (DenseNet121, MobileNetV2) as a feature extractor, and wavelet transformation of the pre-processed images using the CLAHE algorithm and SOBEL edge detection. Our model can detect COVID-19 from x-ray images with high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. The result analysis of different architectures and a comparison study of pre-processing techniques (Histogram Equalization and Edge Detection) are thoroughly examined. In this experiment, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier fitted most accurately (accuracy 97.73%, sensitivity 97.84%, F1score 97.73%, specificity 97.73%, and precision 98.79%) with a wavelet and MobileNetV2 feature sets to identify COVID-19. The memory consumption is also examined to make the model more feasible for telemedicine and mobile healthcare application.