Natural Dyes: Extraction and Applications

Abstract

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of natural dyes in textile applications. This is a result of the meticulous environmental standards imposed by many countries in response to the toxic and allergic reactions associated with synthetic dyes. Indeed natural dyes exhibit better biodegradability and are generally more compatible with the environment. Natural dyes are derived from natural resources; these are broadly classified as plant, animal, mineral, and microbialdyes. Natural dyes can be used for dyeing almost all types of natural fibers. Recent research shows that they can also be used to dye some synthetic fibers. Apart from their application in textiles, natural dyes are also used in the coloration of food, medicines, handicraft articles, and in leather processing, and many of the dye yielding plants are used as medicines in various traditional medicinal therapies. This book chapter attempts to review the classification of natural dyes and various sustainability issues involved in their production and application.