Evaluasi Toksisitas Ekstrak Metanol Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap Kematian Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Abstract

The vector-borne diseases transmitted by the mosquito of Aedes aegypti are considered causes of serious health problems. Moreover, the used of chemical insecticides for Ae. aegypti control has resulted in resistance in mosquito populations and environmental problem. The aims of this study are to evaluate the toxicity of methanol extract (CH3OH) from key lime leaves against Ae. aegypti larvae after 24 hours exposure. This was experimental laboratory study, with six treatments and five replicates. Larvae mortality was observed after 24 hours exposure. Then, data were analyzed by descriptive analyze and probit. visualization of the damage that occurs in the body was observed through microscope. The result showed that mortality of larvae increased with an increase of the concentration of extract. LC50 and LC99 of the extract are 2,197 ppm and 4,266 ppm. The extract can cause morphological damages of larvae, such as head lost, neck elongation, exo-skeleton lost, abdomen transparent, digestive tract full of extract, and loss of setae on the side of the body. In conclusion, citrus aurantifolia leaves methanol extract cause mortality and morphological damages of larvae