Modelado fractal de la distribución del tamaño de dolinas en el macizo kárstico de la Sierra de las Nieves (Málaga, España)

Abstract

The study of the spatial distribution of dolines in karst terrains can provide valuable information about the geomorphology and hydrogeology of karstic massifs, in addition to possible tectonic controls. This paper has analyzed the size distribution of dolines in the karstic massif of the Sierra de las Nieves in the province of Malaga (Spain). This is a Mediterranean high relief karst, characterized by high precipitation and forms an important karstic aquifer where dolines act as recharge and concentrated collectors and show a marked structural control, having developed along the preferred directions of fracturing. Dolines appear in groups, being able to distinguish three main groups related to the hydrogeological functioning of the massif; although, considering the tectonic control, we can distinguish two families of dolines depending on their geographical location. The statistical distribution of sizes of the whole dolines follows a power law indicating a fractal behavior and it has been speculated a reason for such behavior. Lévy flight as stochastic model for the spatial distribution and size of the depressions is also proposed. This information can be useful to improve the geomorphological and evolutionary knowledge of a karstic massif.