Cognitive and Behavioral Characteristics of Children with Robin Sequence Associated with Stickler Syndrome: A Case Series

Abstract

This study describes the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of five children with Robin Sequence associated with Stickler Syndrome. All showed preserved intelligence, with most scoring within the average range for working memory, verbal inhibition, visuospatial planning, and auditory attention. Visual attention difficulties were noted. Two had academic deficits. Four children showed symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and one was diagnosed with ADHD and Specific Learning Disorder, also presenting signs of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Findings highlight the need for systematic, multidisciplinary follow-up, emphasizing sleep-related respiratory evaluation as a differential diagnosis for inattention, hyperactivity, and academic difficulties.