Business Models for Electric Vehicles in China

Abstract

Two key sectors to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and energy consumption in the UK and globally are electricity and transport. At the interface between these two sectors, electric vehicles offer a significant potential to reduce GHG emissions due to their higher well-to-wheel energy efficiency relative to conventional internal combustion engines and other alternative fuel vehicles [1], [2]. Meanwhile, EV life-cycle emissions are improving due to policies in the UK and in Europe supporting an increasing share of renewable energy in the electricity generation mix [3], [4]. Despite these advantages, customer adoption of the technology remains limited due to high battery costs, insufficient driving range, and a lack of charging infrastructure [5]. A central question for my research is how to overcome these barriers and create value through innovative business models that enhance the value proposition of EVs with other services. Taking a multi-stakeholder perspective on all companies involved in the commercialisation of EVs, from battery manufacturers to mobility-as-a-service providers, the objective of my work is to develop a comprehensive vision and framework of the opportunities offered by electric mobility. Based on case study interviews with industry experts, company founders and CEOs in four different countries (the US, Japan, France, and Norway), the analysis in my PhD will synthesise leading-edge thinking in the automotive, electricity and ICT sectors. The