Novel HPLC-UV method for simultaneous determination of valsartan and atenolol in fixed dosage form; Study of green profile assessment

Abstract

Aim of this work was to develop the frst simple, rapid, green, economical and selective HPLC method for simultaneous quanti-fcation of the cited drugs in their challenging binary mixture. Te work was motivated by the global trends towards sustainable chemistry in designing eco-friendly mobile system without afecting the analysis parameters. Te proposed method was subjected to a greenness profles using some metrics as Eco-scale. Materials and methods. Tis was accomplished under the following chromatographic conditions: HPLC column Discovery C18 (4.6 mm i.d. × 150 mm, 5 μm), column temperature 30 °C, fow rate 1.0 mL/min, mobile phase composed of 20% acetonitrile, 80% of 0.16% ammonium acetate and 0.2% of 1.5 M tetramethylammonium hydroxide (V/V) and signal monitoring at a wavelength of 225 nm and 237 nm. Results. A conventional mixture of acetonitrile and 0.16% ammonium acetate was tried in diferent ratios, but the drugs were not well separated. Te shortest aliphatic chain cationic ion pair reagent tetramethylammonium hydroxide should not be exchanged with other type similar with this, like tetramethylammonium hydrogen sulfate, it did not work to our experiments. Increasing salt concentration, ammonium acetate, more than 0.2%, pushes the peak of atenolol closer to dead volume, which is negative. Atenolol in their methods for multicomponent mixtures elutes in dead volume, or when retained longer, much stronger, hydrophobic mobile phase should be used if valsartan should be seen in same chromatogram at dissent time. Te 237 nm can be chosen as compromise signal for nearly equal peaks height with high sensitivity is not essential. Te 225 nm signal shows much higher sensitivity for atenolol and less increase for valsartan peaks, which can be used when higher sensitivities will be essential. Linearity was examined and proven at diferent concentration levels in the range of working concentration of valsartan (0.16–0.96 mg/mL) and atenolol (0.2–1.20 mg/mL). Te high value of recoveries obtained for valsartan and atenolol indicates that the proposed method was found to be accurate. Te results of proposed method found to be an excellent green analysis with a score of 84. Conclusion. A new fast, simple and green, but selective, accurate, precise and robust HPLC-UV method for simultaneous determination of valsartan and atenolol in newly formulated dosage form was developed and many possible variations of the same were suggested. Te developed method for the simultaneous quantifcation of valsartan and atenolol in their challenging binary mixture ofers simplicity essential for quality control of a large number of samples in short time intervals, which is necessary for routine analysis. Te method was subjected to greenness profle assessment.