La eficacia del lanzamiento a canasta en la NBA: Análisis multifactorial. (Shot efficacy in the NBA: A multifactorial analysis)

Abstract

The aim of this research was to analyze shot efficacy in basketball. Examining the relationship that exists between shot efficacy and a series of variables registered during this action. The sample was constituted a total of 8471 shots (217.2±25.4) of 39 games of NBA league. 21.4% of the analyzed shot were free throws, 62.8% were 2-point field goal and 15.7% were 3-point field goal. A significant relationship existed only between shot efficacy and the player position that took the shot the free throw (χ 2 (4, N=1457) = 12.61, p < .005); ii) between efficacy and quarter (χ 2 (16, N=6091) = 48.70, p< .001); iii) between efficacy and technique (χ 2 (44, N=6654)= 903.54, p< .001); iv) between efficacy and defensive pressure (χ 2 (28, N=6654)= 13544.6, p< .001); v) between efficacy and zone from which the shot was taken (χ 2 (60, N=6654)= 885.28, p< .001); vi) between efficacy and player position (χ 2 (8, N=5525)= 83.28, p< .001); and vii) between efficacy and the previous action taken (χ 2 (15, N= 5193)= 154.34, p< .001). These results show the necessity to carry out the training in a realer way, adapting it to the characteristics of the analyzed competition. To know the actions that allow obtaining a bigger effectiveness in basketball shot will facilitate the coaches the design of the sessions of training.