Gastric bypass in modern bariatric surgery

Abstract

The Roux-en-Y Gastric bypass surgery has long been considered as the «gold standard» method for the surgical treatment of obesity and its complications. But at present, this position is disputed by supporters of one-anastomotic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. The decrease in the share of gastric bypass in the structure of bariatric operations is explained by technical complexity, surgical and malabsorption complications. This review reflects the main role of gastric bypass as a bariatric surgery in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and discloses various options for the technical implementation of gastric bypass surgery according to Roux-en-Y and alternative one-anastomotic gastric bypass surgery. The advantages and disadvantages of the stapler-use and stapleless method for performing bariatric operations are shown. In our opinion, one of the promising alternative concepts for the surgical treatment of obesity is stapleless one-anastomotic direction in gastric bypass surgery, but the known stapleless methods are imperfect and unsafe. Thus, based on the presented literature review, we can conclude that the imperfection of not only the stapler gastric bypass methods, but also the stapleless method. Therefore, a further research is needed for alternative surgical methods that would reduce the likelihood of surgical complications, reduce the cost of bariatric surgery and increase the accessibility of surgical treatment of obesity for the population.