Experiences of older people with multimorbidity regarding self-management of diseases: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis

Abstract

Aim: This qualitative systematic review aimed to consolidate existing evidence on the self-management experience of older patients with multimorbidity worldwide. Methods: Nine databases were searched, for papers published from database inception to April 2023. The systematic review was conducted according to the systematic review method of qualitative evidence by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Results: Seven studies were included. Finally, four themes and 12 subthemes were formed: (1) physical level: reduced physical function and lack of coordinated care; (2) psychological level: mental state of anxiety and positive attitude towards life; (3) social level: technical support, support from family, support from healthcare workers and support from others; and (4) practical level: economic burden, lifestyle changes, self-care in daily life and compliance was much lower than expected. Conclusions: To improve self-management in older people with multimorbidity, nurses should provide more guidance to patients to improve their self-management skills, and clinicians should recommend effective self-management behaviours.