Characterization of the testis-specific proteasome subunit α4s in mammals

Abstract

Background: Two subtypes of proteasome core particles (CPs) with tissue-specific β subunits have been identified in mammals. Results: Mammals have an additional proteasome subunit, 4s, which forms the male germ-specific CP. Conclusion: The α4s-containing CP is a new subtype of CP with unique properties distinct from the constitutive CP. Significance: Our results provide a clue for understanding the role of the proteasome in mammalian testes. © 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.