Addition of daratumumab to multiple myeloma backbone regimens significantly improves clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Abstract

Daratumumab has shown clinical benefit in multiple myeloma. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding daratumumab to backbone anti-myeloma treatments. Systematic search was performed up to August 2021 to identify randomised controlled trials comparing the outcomes of backbone therapy with and without daratumumab in relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed myeloma (RRMM and NDMM, respectively). Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Primary outcomes were death or disease progression, minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity, and stringent complete response (sCR). Secondary outcomes were complete response or better and safety endpoints prespecified in the study protocol: PROSPERO (CRD42020222904). In NDMM, MRD negativity [OR = 3.61 (CI 2.33–5.61)] and sCR [OR = 2.29 (CI 1.49–3.51)] were more likely and death or disease progression [HR = 0.47 (CI 0.39–0.57)] was less likely to occur with daratumumab compared to control. Regarding RRMM, MRD negativity [OR = 5.43 (CI 2.76–10.66)] and sCR [OR = 3.08 (CI 2.00–4.76)] were more likely and death or disease progression was less likely [HR = 0.50 (CI 0.37–0.67)] with daratumumab compared to control. The addition of daratumumab has shown high clinical efficacy and acceptable toxicity profile for the treatment of NDMM and RRMM regarding the endpoints examined.