Assessing the Impact of Xenobiotic (Bisphenol A) on Blood Physiology and Biochemical Alterations Using Labeo Rohita Fish as a Model Organism

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an emerging pollutant that is extensively used in the manufacturing of various industrial products and is associated with adverse effects on both human and wildlife health. Objective: Present study aimed to evaluate the effects of bisphenol A on hematobiochemical biomarkers in freshwater Labeo rohita. Methods: For the purpose of this investigation, healthy fish were divided into four groups (A–D). Group A was treated as a BPA-free control group, while Group B, Group C, and Group D were exposed to various doses of BPA such as 400, 800, and 1600 µg/L, respectively for 21 days. Results: BPA-exposed fish showed different physical and behavioral abnormalities in dose-dependent ways. Results indicated significant increase in the concentrations of various hematobiochemical parameters, such as WBCs, MCHC, RDW, RDW-SD, platelets, neutrophils, triglycerides, cholesterol, ALT, AST, blood glucose, urea, T3, TSH and creatinine, while HGB, RBCs, HCT, MCV, MCH, PDW, lymphocytes, HDL, LDL, VLDL, total protein, globulin, albumin and T4 concentrations were decreased. Conclusions: The current study concluded that bisphenol A causes deleterious effects by disrupting physiological and hematobiochemical parameters alteration in exposed fish.