Knowledge and Awareness of Risk Factors Related to Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis Among Miners in Mpumalanga, South Africa

Abstract

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a significant health challenge for South African miners, affecting public health and economic development. To evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical determinants of pneumoconiosis alongside the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of the disease among coal mine workers in Secunda, Mpumalanga. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among coal miners in Mpumalanga. Using simple random sampling, 250 participants were selected from a workforce of 500 at the Syferfontein and Shondoni stations. Data collected via structured questionnaires were analyzed using IBM SPSS v29.0, employing descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression (p < 0.05). The study revealed significant sociodemographic predictors of pneumoconiosis knowledge, including age group (p = 0.011), education level (p = 0.040), and access to medical aid (p = 0.014). Additionally, knowledge was positively associated with the availability of occupational health and safety (OHS) programs (p < 0.001) and OHS culture (p = 0.027). This study addresses a significant void in the current literature concerning the awareness of CWP in a key coal-producing area. It is imperative for mining authorities to prioritize policy initiatives that enhance OHS training. Additionally, there should be a concerted effort to promote health-seeking behaviors among miners, aimed at increasing awareness of CWP and ultimately improving health outcomes in this population.