Predictive Modeling of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Progression Using MobileNetV3_Large and Long Short-Term Memory Network: Novel Approach

Abstract

Background: The assessment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) often presents challenges in accuracy and efficiency. Traditional methods rely on imaging studies and clinical judgment, prompting the need for advanced approaches. This study aims to use deep learning algorithms to enhance disease assessment and prediction in ONFH, optimizing treatment strategies. Objective: The primary objective of this research is to analyze pathological images of ONFH using advanced deep learning algorithms to evaluate treatment response, vascular reconstruction, and disease progression. By identifying the most effective algorithm, this study seeks to equip clinicians with precise tools for disease assessment and prediction. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 30 patients diagnosed with ONFH were collected, totaling 1200 slices, which included 675 slices with lesions and 225 normal slices. The dataset was divided into training (630 slices), validation (135 slices), and test (135 slices) sets. A total of 10 deep learning algorithms were tested for training and optimization, and MobileNetV3_Large was identified as the optimal model for subsequent analyses. This model was applied for quantifying vascular reconstruction, evaluating treatment responses, and assessing lesion progression. In addition, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model was integrated for the dynamic prediction of time-series data. Results: The MobileNetV3_Large model demonstrated an accuracy of 96.5% (95% CI 95.1%‐97.8%) and a recall of 94.8% (95% CI 93.2%‐96.4%) in ONFH diagnosis, significantly outperforming DenseNet201 (87.3%; P