Simulated medical learning environments on the internet

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Abstract

Learning anatomy and surgical procedures requires both a conceptual understanding of three-dimensional anatomy and a hands-on manipulation of tools and tissue. Such virtual resources are not available widely, are expensive, and may be culturally disallowed. Simulation technology, using high-performance computers and graphics, permits realistic real-time display of anatomy. Haptics technology supports the ability to probe and feel this virtual anatomy through the use of virtual tools. The Internet permits world-wide access to resources. We have brought together high-performance servers and high-bandwidth communication using the Next Generation Internet and complex bimanual haptics to simulate a tool-based learning environment for wide use. This article presents the technologic basis of this environment and some evaluation of its use in the gross anatomy course at Stanford University.

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Dev, P., Montgomery, K., Senger, S., Heinrichs, W. L. R., Srivastava, S., & Waldron, K. (2002). Simulated medical learning environments on the internet. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 9(5), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1197/jamia.M1089

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