Histological Types of Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Yaoundé

Abstract

Introduction: The diffuse\rtype of gastric adenocarcinoma has been found to be more prevalent in low risk countries\rlike Cameroon. The objective of this study was to determine the most frequent histological\rtype of gastric cancer found in Yaoundé and its association to the Helicobacter pylori infection. Materials\rand Methods: The registries of histopathology laboratories of 4 reference hospitals\rin Yaoundé, Cameroon have been reviewed for registered primitive gastric malignancies\rfrom July 2009 to May 2014. Paraffin blocks mounted on slides and stained with Hematoxylyn\rand Eosin of gastric cancer cases were re-stained Giemsa to search for Helicobacter pylori and they were classified\rusing the criteria of Lauren in intestinal type or diffuse type. Results: Forty-two\rcases were reviewed: 25 (59.5%) of them were intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma,\r11 (26.2%) were diffuse type, 4 (9.5%) were malignant gastric lymphoma, 1 (2.4%)\rwas a stromal tumor, and 1 (2.4%) was a colloid carcinoma. The most common site\rof location was the proximal gastric portion (52.2%). The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was 88.1%,\rmost common with the intestinal type (100%) and malignant lymphoma (100%) than with\rthe diffuse type (72.2%) (p = 0.007).\rConclusion: The most common type of gastric adenocarcinoma in Cameroon is the intestinal\rtype and Helicobacter pylori infection\ris more common in the intestinal type and malignant gastric lymphoma than in the\rdiffuse type. The Helicobacter pylori eradication campaigns are needed.