Solar Based Smart Irrigation System Using PID Controller

Abstract

An approach to minimize the human interface for the agriculture sector is presented in this paper which provides comfort to the farmer in monitoring and performs automatic irrigation operation. Here, a combination of software integrated microcontroller that is Arduino, four real-time sensors fetching input data from field and a DC motor pump as output are used. A controlling technique Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller is integrated into Arduino. The inputs include four sensors: wind speed, ambient temperature, humidity, and radiation sensors while taking soil moisture as the reference point. These four sensors work at different ratios on the basis of PID and penman model of evapotranspiration. The system is powered by a lead-acid battery which is recharged by a solar panel. The four designated sensors measure field conditions and simultaneously send information through wireless communication to a remote placed monitoring device which has a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The complete hardware and software modeling is performed in this paper.