Analysis of Ag/blood-mediated transport in curved annulus with exclusive nature of convective boundary

Abstract

This model is concerned with the shape impact of Ag nanoparticles on peristaltic flow through a curved annulus having convective heated walls. An endoscope is a medical device for surgical use, which is inserted into the body to treat diseases. The silver nanoparticles are incorporated with unusual shapes such as platelets, cylinders and bricks. In the curved tube, the nature of Ag/blood-mediated transport is formulated in a toroidal coordinate system. The ratio of the half-tube-width to the wavelength is tiny enough to maintain a uniform pressure over the cross-section. A perturbation technique is used to solve the formulated equations for axial velocity and energy. The plots for explicit values of the embedded parameters such as the Biot number, endoscope radius, amplitude ratio and volume fraction are presented. One important finding of the present study is that the velocity increases near the inner wall of the endoscope whereas it declines close to the outer tube wall. A notable difference is observed between the flows through a non-curved and curved annulus in the obtained results. The curvature parameter enhances the velocity for the curved tube more significantly.