Optimal designs of electric vehicles for long-range mobility

Abstract

This paper introduces the major priorities of the automotive industry of reducing energy consumption and emissions of the passenger cars of the future and of delivering an efficient mobility service for customers. The number of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles is increasing in the mobility market. The problems of the range and the energy storage of the vehicle on board are important. This paper studies the energy system of electric vehicles for different ranges and mobility usages. A multi-objective optimization method is applied to estimate the optimal vehicle energy system designs for urban mobility and for long way electric mobility (> 500 km). Optimal designs considering technical, economic and environmental criteria are presented. The relations between the vehicle ranges and the energy densities of high voltage batteries are illustrated. The boundary of the system is extended to the vehicles and the grid system, including the charging infrastructure. The vehicle energy systems and recharging needs are analysed for a range of 500 km on electric drive.