Introduction aux réseaux de symptômes en psychopathologie

  • Gauld C
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Abstract

Nous présentons dans cet article les grands principes méthodologiques des réseaux de symptômes en psychopathologie. Ceux-ci pourraient constituer une approche alternative au manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM) et aux Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), sans les exclure pour autant. Les réseaux de symptômes dépassent ou contournent certaines limites de ces classifications, mais leur avenir est encore incertain : ils devront relever des défis épistémologiques et méthodologiques, tout en parvenant à convaincre la communauté de chercheurs et de cliniciens en santé mentale de leur utilité et de leur qualité. In this article, we present the main methodological principles of symptom networks in psychopathology. It is a topological approach linking entities from different scales of analysis of an individual (from genetics to behavior, via cerebral connectivity). They are an alternative to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), but they do not exclude them. Symptom networks exceed or circumvent some limits of these classifications. Furthermore, they contribute to the stratification and organization of these nosologies. Behind the originality of its methodology, this program proposes a redefinition of mental illness which modifies the conception of psychiatry. But their future is still uncertain: they must take on an epistemological and methodological challenge. At the same time, they have to convince the community of mental health researchers and clinicians of their utility and value.

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APA

Gauld, C. (2020). Introduction aux réseaux de symptômes en psychopathologie. Médecine/Sciences, 36(2), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020016

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