Engineering Renewable Lignocellulosic Biomass as Sustainable Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporators

Abstract

This review systematically summarizes solar evaporator design and optimization using renewable lignocellulosic biomass. Unique structural merits and fabrication methods for photothermal layer and hydrophilic substrate are thoroughly discussed. Multifunctional integrated applications beyond desalination are highlighted. Current challenges and future development opportunities for scalable biomass-based evaporators are outlined.