Prevention of nosocomial bacteremia associated with Staphylococcus aureus in Benin

Abstract

Introduction: Nosocomial bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus seem to be increasing in some hospitals in Benin according the first nationwide survey on the prevalence of nosocomial infection. Objectives: Reduce the rate of nosocomial bacteremia in order to assess the importance of an effective infection program that could lead to prevent the spread of this bacterium. Methods: From 1st February 2013 to 30th May 2014, according to WHO's guidelines, hospital surveillance about nosocomial bacteremia has been conducted. Management of the study included a rigorous attention to the placement and the maintenance of vascular devices and correct hand hygiene. Two categories of tertiary hospitals, one with effective infection control program (category I) and the other without structured program (category II) were included. Results: A total of 12 hospitals were involved in this study. Five of them had an effective infection control program. Nosocomial bactereamia incidence rate was 1.42 cases per 1000 patient per days in category I versus 4.83 cases per 1000 patient per days for category II. The proportion of S. aureus bacteremia was 5.2 % in category I versus 17.2 % in category II. The incidence of bacteremia began to decrease on January 2014, the primary site was discernible in 90% of bacteremia episodes only in hospitals category I. Conclusion: This study showed a significative reduction in the incidence of S. aureus bacteremia in hospital that had an effective infection program based on African Partnership Patient Safety Program.