Clinical, biochemical, and hematological characteristics of community-dwelling adolescent and young adult males with anorexia nervosa

Abstract

Objective: Data regarding clinical characteristics in males with AN are limited. We aimed to delineate clinical, biochemical, and hematological features in community-dwelling adolescent and young adult males with AN. Method: A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records from 2000 to 2016 was conducted for 53 males aged 10–23 years old; AN (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 17) were similar for Tanner stage. Results: Adolescent and young adult males with AN were diagnosed at a mean age of 15.9 ± 3.0 years. The most prevalent strategy for weight loss (following calorie restriction) was over-exercising. Labs demonstrated polycythemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, but no electrolyte abnormalities. Compared with healthy controls of similar Tanner stage, males with AN had lower total testosterone levels. A significant proportion of males with AN had traumatic bone fractures. Discussion: Over-exercising is a common secondary weight loss strategy in males with AN. Testosterone levels are lower than in controls, but electrolyte abnormalities are rare. With enhanced provider awareness, diagnostic delays may be prevented.