A Paediatric Case of Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst Presented with Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy

Abstract

Hydatid cyst is a common zoonosis caused by larval forms of tapeworms called Echinococcus. The problem often occurs in the liver or lung. Cyst rupture and secondary bacterial infection are the most important complications of pulmonary hydatid cyst (PHC). PHC may mimic serious lung diseases such as treatment-resistant pneumonia, tuberculosis, and tumours. This report discusses the case of a paediatric patient with PHC who presented with chronic cough, hilar lymphadenopathies up to 3 cm, and worsening symptoms despite non-specific pneumonia treatment. Hence, PHC should be considered in patients with treatment-resistant pneumonia and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.