Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices related to Naegleria fowleri Among General Population of Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Naegleria fowleri, a “brain-eating” amoeba, is the cause of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. It spreads through the nasal route via contaminated water sources and invades the central nervous system. Purpose: The objective of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices about N. fowleri among the general population of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This study was conducted on the general population in Karachi to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding N. fowleri. Data was collected using a questionnaire with four parts, covering demographics, N. fowleri knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices. The sample size of 400 was determined using the Raosoft Survey Tool. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, including descriptive analysis and the Pearson chi-square test. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The study period was June–December 2022. Results: This study showed that around 80% of people had never heard about N. fowleri. Conclusion: This study revealed the level of awareness of N. fowleri and measures to avoid its infection in Karachi is very low, where N. fowleri infections are reported every year. Hence, appropriate measures should be taken to increase knowledge and awareness to avoid the spread of N. fowleri infection among the population.