What Is your PhD Worth? The Value of a PhD for Finding Employment outside of Academia

Abstract

This research investigates the value of a PhD for employment outside academia by showing how PhD holders create it through the help of intermediations during their thesis preparation. We analyse scientific practice through the use of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) to better understand PhDs' employment outside academia. With CHAT, intermediation on labour markets is seen via the lens of activity. Using a qualitative methodology, we interviewed 20 students who completed PhDs at the University of Lyon in France and who now work for private companies. Our findings show how the value of these PhDs is shaped both by what they do during thesis and by what they seek to become in their professional careers. We contribute to the literature by providing a new theoretical stance on intermediation in labour markets, and offer reflections for universities across Europe to tailor their PhD programmes.